Government and Politics of Uruguay

Government Type

constitutional republic

Administrative Divisions

19 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno, Flores, Florida, Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano, Tacuarembo, Treinta y Tres

Legal System

based on Spanish civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Citizenship

citizenship by birth: yes citizenship by descent: yes dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: 3-5 years

Executive Branch

chief of state: President Yamandú ORSI (since 1 March 2025) and Vice President Carolina COSSE (since 1 March 2025); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Yamandú ORSI (since 1 March 2025) and Vice President Carolina COSSE (since 1 March 2025); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president with parliamentary approval elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 27 October 2024, with a runoff on 24 November 2024 (next to be held in October 2029) election results: Yamandú ORSI elected president in runoff; percent of vote in runoff - Yamandú ORSI (Frente Amplio) 49.8%, Álvaro DELGADO (Partido Nacional) 45.9%; other 4.3%

Legislative Branch

Bicameral General Assembly or Asamblea General consists of the Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (30 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms; the vice president holds one vote in the Senate) and the Chamber of Representatives or Camara de Representantes (99 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms). Elections: Chamber of Senators - last held 27 October 2024 (next to be held October 2029); Chamber of Representatives - last held 27 October 2024 (next to be held October 2029). Election results: Chamber of Senators - seats by party - Frente Amplio 16, Partido Nacional 9, Partido Colorado 3, Cabildo Abierto 1, Partido Independiente 1; Chamber of Representatives - seats by party - Frente Amplio 48, Partido Nacional 30, Partido Colorado 11, Cabildo Abierto 6, Partido Independiente 1, other 3.

Judicial Branch

Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and elected for 10-year terms by the General Assembly)

Political Parties

Colorado Party [Julio Maria SANGUINETTI]; Independent Party (Partido Independiente) [Pablo MIERES]; Movement of Popular Participation or MPP [Jose MUJICA]; National Party or Blanco [Jorge LARRANAGA]; New Sector/Space Coalition (Nuevo Espacio) [Rafael MICHELINI]; Progressive Encounter/Broad Front Coalition (Encuentro Progresista/Frente Amplio) or EP-FA [Tabare VAZQUEZ]; Socialist Party of Uruguay or Socialists [Reinaldo GARGANO]; Uruguayan Assembly or Asamblea Uruguay [Danilo ASTORI]

Head of State

President Yamandú ORSI and Vice President Carolina COSSE

Head of Government

President Yamandú ORSI and Vice President Carolina COSSE

Cabinet

Council of Ministers appointed by the president with parliamentary approval

Elections

Chamber of Senators - last held 27 October 2024 (next to be held October 2029); Chamber of Representatives - last held 27 October 2024 (next to be held October 2029).

Election Results

Chamber of Senators - seats by party - Frente Amplio 16, Partido Nacional 9, Partido Colorado 3, Cabildo Abierto 1, Partido Independiente 1; Chamber of Representatives - seats by party - Frente Amplio 48, Partido Nacional 30, Partido Colorado 11, Cabildo Abierto 6, Partido Independiente 1, other 3.

Constitution

27 November 1966, effective February 1967, suspended 27 June 1973, new constitution rejected by referendum 30 November 1980; two constitutional reforms approved by plebiscite 26 November 1989 and 7 January 1997

Independence

25 August 1825 (from Brazil)

National Holiday

Independence Day, 25 August (1825)

International Organization Participation

FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMISET, UNMOGIP, UNMOT, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

Diplomatic Representation in the U.S.

chief of mission: Ambassador Carlos Alberto GIANELLI Derois chancery: 1913 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20006 telephone: [1] (202) 331-1313 through 1316 FAX: [1] (202) 331-8142 consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, New York consulate(s): San Juan (Puerto Rico)

U.S. Diplomatic Representation

chief of mission: Charge d'Affaires James D. NEALON embassy: Lauro Muller 1776, Montevideo 11200 mailing address: APO AA 34035 telephone: [598] (2) 418-7777 FAX: [598] (2) 418-8611

Capital City

Montevideo

Location

34 51 S, 56 10 W

Time Difference

UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

History

the name "Montevidi" was originally applied to the hill that overlooked the bay upon which the city of Montevideo was founded; the earliest meaning may have been "[the place where we] saw the hill"

U.S. Embassy Montevideo Lauro Muller 1776, Montevideo 11200 - Uruguay Telephone: (598) (2) 1770-2222 Emergency after-hours telephone: (598) (2) 094-870-666

Military Branches

Uruguayan Armed Forces: Uruguayan National Army (Ejercito Nacional Uruguaya, ENU), Uruguayan National Navy (Armada Nacional del Uruguay; includes naval air arm, Naval Rifle Corps (Cuerpo de Fusileros Navales, Fusna), Maritime Prefecture in wartime), Uruguayan Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Uruguaya, FAU)

Service Age and Obligation

18-30 years of age (18-22 years of age for navy) for male or female voluntary military service; up to 40 years of age for specialists; enlistment is voluntary in peacetime, but the government has the authority to conscript in emergencies; minimum 6-year education