Government and Politics of Sierra Leone

Government Type

constitutional democracy

Administrative Divisions

3 provinces and 1 area*; Eastern, Northern, Southern, Western*

Legal System

based on English law and customary laws indigenous to local tribes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Citizenship

citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent or grandparent must be a citizen of Sierra Leone dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Executive Branch

chief of state: President Julius Maada BIO (since 4 April 2018, reelected 26 June 2023); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Julius Maada BIO (since 4 April 2018, reelected 26 June 2023); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Ministers of State appointed by the president with the approval of Parliament; the cabinet is responsible to the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held on 24 June 2023 (next to be held in 2028); note - a candidate must win more than 55% of the vote to avoid a runoff; the president's tenure of office is limited to two five-year terms election results: Julius Maada BIO reelected president; percent of vote - Julius Maada BIO (SLPP) 56.2%, Samura KAMARA (APC) 41.2%

Legislative Branch

Unicameral Parliament (149 seats — 132 elected by popular vote through a proportional representation system, and 17 seats reserved for Paramount Chiefs elected in separate chiefdom elections; members serve five-year terms) Elections: Last held on June 24, 2023 (next to be held in 2028) Election results: Percent of vote by party — Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP) 55.8%, All People's Congress (APC) 40.2%, others 4%; seats by party — SLPP 81, APC 54, C4C 2, NGC 1, others 9; Paramount Chiefs 17

Judicial Branch

Supreme Court; Appeals Court; High Court

Political Parties

All People's Congress or APC [Ben KANU]; Peace and Liberation Party or PLP [Darlington MORRISON, interim chairman]; Sierra Leone People's Party or SLPP [Sama BANYA]; numerous others

Head of State

President Julius Maada BIO (since 4 April 2018, reelected 26 June 2023)

Head of Government

President Julius Maada BIO (since 4 April 2018, reelected 26 June 2023)

Cabinet

Ministers of State appointed by the president with the approval of the House of Representatives; the cabinet is responsible to the president

Elections

Last held on June 24, 2023 (next to be held in 2028)

Election Results

Percent of vote by party — Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP) 55.8%, All People's Congress (APC) 40.2%, others 4%; seats by party — SLPP 81, APC 54, C4C 2, NGC 1, others 9; Paramount Chiefs 17

Constitution

1 October 1991; subsequently amended several times

Independence

27 April 1961 (from UK)

National Holiday

Independence Day, 27 April (1961)

International Organization Participation

ACP, AfDB, AU, C, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

Diplomatic Representation in the U.S.

chief of mission: Ambassador Ibrahim M. KAMARA chancery: 1701 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 939-9261 through 9263 FAX: [1] (202) 483-1793

U.S. Diplomatic Representation

chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas N. HULL embassy: Corner of Walpole and Siaka Stevens Streets, Freetown mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [232] (22) 226481 through 226485 FAX: [232] (22) 225471

Capital City

Freetown

Location

8 29 N, 13 14 W

Time Difference

UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

History

name derived from the fact that the original settlement served as a haven for free-born and freed African Americans, as well as for liberated Africans rescued from slave ships

Embassy Freetown Southridge, Hill Station Telephone: (232) (76) 515 000 Emergency after-hours telephone: (232) (76) 515 000 Email: consularfreetown@state.gov

Military Branches

Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF): Army (includes Maritime Wing and Air Wing)

Service Age and Obligation

18 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service (younger with parental consent); women are eligible to serve; no conscription; candidates must be HIV negative