Government and Politics of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Government Type

parliamentary democracy; independent sovereign state within the Commonwealth

Administrative Divisions

6 parishes; Charlotte, Grenadines, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint Patrick

Legal System

based on English common law

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Citizenship

citizenship by birth: yes citizenship by descent: at least one parent must be a citizen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years

Executive Branch

chief of state: King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022), represented by Governor General Susan DOUGAN (since 1 August 2019) head of government: Prime Minister Ralph E. GONSALVES (since 29 March 2001) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister

Legislative Branch

Unicameral House of Assembly (21 seats; 15 members elected by popular vote from single-member constituencies and 6 senators appointed by the governor-general on the advice of the prime minister and the leader of the opposition; members serve five-year terms). Elections: last held on 5 November 2020 (next to be held by 2025). Election results: percent of vote by party - ULP 49.68%, NDP 50.28%; seats by party - ULP 9, NDP 6.

Judicial Branch

Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)

Political Parties

New Democratic Party or NDP [Arnhim EUSTACE]; Unity Labor Party or ULP [Ralph GONSALVES] (formed by the coalition of Saint Vincent Labor Party or SVLP and the Movement for National Unity or MNU)

Head of State

King CHARLES III, represented by Governor General Susan DOUGAN

Head of Government

Prime Minister Ralph E. GONSALVES

Cabinet

Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister

Elections

last held on 5 November 2020 (next to be held by 2025).

Election Results

In the most recent general election held in November 2020, the Unity Labour Party (ULP) won 49.68% of the vote and secured 9 parliamentary seats, while the New Democratic Party (NDP) received 50.28% of the vote but won only 6 seats. Despite receiving a larger share of the popular vote, the NDP's support was concentrated in fewer constituencies, allowing the ULP to retain its parliamentary majority and continue governing.

Constitution

27-Oct-79

Independence

27 October 1979 (from UK)

National Holiday

Independence Day, 27 October (1979)

International Organization Participation

ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WTrO

Diplomatic Representation in the U.S.

chief of mission: Ambassador Ellsworth I. A. JOHN chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 364-6730 FAX: [1] (202) 364-6736 consulate(s) general: New York

U.S. Diplomatic Representation

the US does not have an embassy in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Capital City

Kingstown

Location

13 08 N, 61 13 W

Time Difference

UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

History

an earlier French settlement was renamed Kingstown by the British in 1763 when they assumed control of the island; the king referred to in the name is GEORGE III (r. 1760-1820)

U.S. Embassy in Bridgetown Wildey Business park Wildey St. Michael, Barbados Telephone: (246) 227-4399 Emergency after-hours telephone: (246) 227-4000 Facsimile: (246) 431-0179 Email: BridgetownACS@state.gov Hours of operation are 8:30 a.m. – 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday, except Barbadian and U.S. holidays.

Military Branches

no regular military forces; Royal Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Police Force (RSVPF)