Government and Politics of Luxembourg

Government Type

constitutional monarchy

Administrative Divisions

3 districts; Diekirch, Grevenmacher, Luxembourg

Legal System

based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Citizenship

citizenship by birth: limited to situations where the parents are either unknown, stateless, or when the nationality law of the parents' state of origin does not permit acquisition of citizenship by descent when the birth occurs outside of national territory citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Luxembourg dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years

Executive Branch

chief of state: Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981) head of government: Prime Minister Luc FRIEDEN (since 17 November 2023); Deputy Prime Minister Xavier BETTEL (since 17 November 2023) cabinet: Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following popular elections to the Chamber of Deputies, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; the deputy prime minister is appointed by the monarch; they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies note: government coalition - CSV and DP

Legislative Branch

Unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Députés (60 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms) Elections: last held on 8 October 2023 (next to be held in October 2028) Election results: percent of vote by party - CSV 28.1%, LSAP 18.0%, DP 14.3%, Green Party 8.6%, ADR 9.0%, Pirate Party 6.8%, déi Lénk 5.0%; seats by party - CSV 21, LSAP 11, DP 14, Green Party 4, ADR 5, Pirate Party 6, déi Lénk 2 (approximate distribution based on 2023 results) Note: there is also a Council of State that serves as an advisory body to the Chamber of Deputies; the Council of State has 21 members appointed by the Grand Duke on the advice of the prime minister

Judicial Branch

judicial courts and tribunals (3 Justices of the Peace, 2 district courts, and 1 Supreme Court of Appeals); administrative courts and tribunals (State Prosecutor's Office, administrative courts and tribunals, and the Constitutional Court); judges for all courts are appointed for life by the monarch

Political Parties

Action Committee for Democracy and Justice or ADR [Gast GIBERYEN]; Christian Social People's Party or CSV (also known as Christian Social Party or PCS) [Francois BILTGEN]; Democratic Party or DP [Claude MEISCH]; Green Party [Francois BAUSCH]; Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party or LSAP [Alex BODRY]; Marxist and Reformed Communist Party dei Lenk/la Gauche (the Left) [no formal leadership]; other minor parties

Head of State

Grand Duke HENRI

Head of Government

Prime Minister Luc FRIEDEN

Cabinet

Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch

Elections

last held on 8 October 2023 (next to be held in October 2028)

Election Results

percent of vote by party - CSV 28.1%, LSAP 18.0%, DP 14.3%, Green Party 8.6%, ADR 9.0%, Pirate Party 6.8%, déi Lénk 5.0%; seats by party - CSV 21, LSAP 11, DP 14, Green Party 4, ADR 5, Pirate Party 6, déi Lénk 2 (approximate distribution based on 2023 results) Note: there is also a Council of State that serves as an advisory body to the Chamber of Deputies; the Council of State has 21 members appointed by the Grand Duke on the advice of the prime minister

Constitution

17 October 1868, occasional revisions

Independence

1839 (from the Netherlands)

National Holiday

National Day (Birthday of Grand Duchess Charlotte) 23 June

International Organization Participation

ACCT, AsDB, Australia Group, Benelux, CE, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NATO, NEA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC

Diplomatic Representation in the U.S.

chief of mission: Ambassador Joseph WEYLAND chancery: 2200 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 265-4171 FAX: [1] (202) 328-8270 consulate(s) general: New York, San Francisco

U.S. Diplomatic Representation

chief of mission: Ambassador Ann WAGNER embassy: 22 Boulevard Emmanuel Servais, L-2535 Luxembourg City mailing address: American Embassy Luxembourg, Unit 1410, APO AE 09126-1410 (official mail); American Embassy Luxembourg, PSC 9, Box 9500, APO AE 09123 (personal mail) telephone: [352] 46 01 23 FAX: [352] 46 14 01

Capital City

Luxembourg

Location

49 36 N, 6 07 E

Time Difference

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

History

the name derives from the Celtic lucilem (little) and the German burg (castle or fortress) to produce the meaning of the "little castle"; the name is actually ironic, since for centuries the Fortress of Luxembourg was one of Europe's most formidable fortifications; the name passed to the city that grew around the fortress

U.S. Embassy Luxembourg 22, Blvd Emmanuel Servais, L-2535 Luxembourg City Telephone: (352) 46 01 23 (available 24/7), Emergency after-hours telephone: (352) 621 547 133 (duty officer) Facsimile: (352) 46 19 39 Email: luxembourgconsular@state.gov

Military Branches

Luxembourg Army (L'Armee Luxembourgeoises)

Service Age and Obligation

18-24 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription; Luxembourg citizen or EU citizen with 3-year residence in Luxembourg