Geography and Environment

Geography and Environment of Cocos (Keeling) Islands

Terrain, climate, natural resources, hazards, and environmental conditions of Cocos (Keeling) Islands.

Terrain: flat, low-lying coral atolls
Climate: tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year
Highest Point: 5 — unnamed location 5 m
Lowest Point: Indian Ocean 0 m

Natural Resources: Fish, along with coconuts and timber from the island's native vegetation, represent the primary natural resources of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands. The surrounding waters of the Indian Ocean support marine life that has long been central to the local economy and subsistence. Coconut palms, which historically formed the basis of the copra industry, remain a significant feature of the island landscape, though commercial copra production has largely ceased. The islands' coral reef ecosystem also holds ecological value, supporting biodiversity that underpins both local fishing and ecotourism potential.
Natural Hazards: cyclone season is October to April

Current Environmental Issues: fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs

Detailed geography