Government and Politics of Albania

Government Type

emerging democracy

Administrative Divisions

12 counties (qarqe, singular - qark); Qarku i Beratit, Qarku i Dibres, Qarku i Durresit, Qarku i Elbasanit, Qarku i Fierit, Qarku i Gjirokastres, Qarku i Korces, Qarku i Kukesit, Qarku i Lezhes, Qarku i Shkodres, Qarku i Tiranes, Qarku i Vlores

Legal System

has a civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; has accepted jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court for its citizens

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Citizenship

citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Albania dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Executive Branch

chief of state: President of the Republic Bajram BEGAJ (since 24 July 2022) head of government: Prime Minister Edi RAMA (since 10 September 2013) cabinet: Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, nominated by the president, and approved by parliament elections: president elected by the Assembly of Albania for a five-year term; election last held on 4 June 2022 (next to be held in 2027); prime minister appointed by the president and approved by parliament election results: Bajram BEGAJ elected president; Assembly of Albania vote — total votes cast 104, for 78, against 4, abstentions 22

Legislative Branch

Unicameral Parliament or Kuvendi (140 seats; members elected by proportional representation vote for four-year terms) Elections: last held on 11 May 2025 (previous election held on 25 April 2021) Election results (2021): percent of vote by party - PS 48.7%, PD 39.4%, LSI 6.8%, other 5.1%; seats by party - PS 74, PD 59, LSI 4, other 3

Judicial Branch

onstitutional Court, Supreme Court (chairman is elected by the People's Assembly for a four-year term), and multiple appeals and district courts

Political Parties

Agrarian Environmentalist Party or PAA [Lufter XHUVELI]; Christian Democratic Party or PDK [Nikolle LESI]; Communist Party of Albania or PKSH [Hysni MILLOSHI]; Democratic Alliance Party or DAP [Neritan CEKA]; Democratic Party or PD [Sali BERISHA]; Legality Movement Party or PLL [Ekrem SPAHIU]; Liberal Union Party or PBL [Arjan STAROVA]; National Front Party (Balli Kombetar) or BNK [Adriatik ALIMADHI]; New Democratic Party or PDR [Genc POLLO]; Party of National Unity or PUK [Idajet BEQIRI]; Renewed Democratic Party or PDRN [Dashamir SHEHI]; Republican Party or PR [Fatmir MEDIU]; Social Democracy Party or PDS [Paskal MILO]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Skender GJINUSHI]; Socialist Movement for Integration or LSI [Ilir META]; Socialist Party or PS [Edi RAMA]; Union for Human Rights Party or PBDNj [Vangjel DULE]

Head of State

President of the Republic Bajram BEGAJ

Head of Government

Prime Minister Edi RAMA

Cabinet

Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, nominated by the president, and approved by parliament

Elections

last held on 11 May 2025 (previous election held on 25 April 2021)

Election Results

percent of vote by party - PS 48.7%, PD 39.4%, LSI 6.8%, other 5.1%; seats by party - PS 74, PD 59, LSI 4, other 3

Constitution

a constitution was adopted by popular referendum on 28 November 1998

Independence

28 November 1912 (from Ottoman Empire)

National Holiday

Independence Day, 28 November (1912). The National Holiday of the Republic of Albania is Flag Day, November 28 as defined by Article 14 of the Albanian Constitution.

International Organization Participation

ACCT, BSEC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOMIG, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

Diplomatic Representation in the U.S.

chief of mission: Ambassador Aleksander SALLABANDA chancery: 2100 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4942 FAX: [1] (202) 628-7342

U.S. Diplomatic Representation

chief of mission: Ambassador Marcie B. RIES embassy: Rruga Elbasanit, Labinoti #103, Tirana mailing address: U. S. Department of State, 9510 Tirana Place, Dulles, VA 20189-9510 telephone: [355] (4) 247285 FAX: [355] (4) 374957 and [355] (4) 232222

Capital City

Tirana (Tirane)

Location

41 19 N, 19 49 E

Time Difference

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

History

the name Tirana first appears in a 1418 Venetian document; the origin of the name is unclear, but may derive from Tirkan Fortress, whose ruins survive on the slopes of Dajti mountain and which overlooks the city

U.S. Embassy Tirana Rruga Elbasanit 103 Tirana, Albania Telephone: (355)(4) 224 7285 Facsimile: (355) (04) 237 4957 E-mail: ACSTirana@state.gov

Military Branches

Land Forces Command, Navy Force Command, Air Forces Command

Service Age and Obligation

19 is the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; 18 is the legal minimum age in case of general/partial compulsory mobilization