Eswatini Government

What is the capital of Eswatini?

Pronunciation	ay-swatini
Country Name	Eswatini note: pronounced ay-swatini or eh-swatini
Full Country Name	Kingdom of Eswatini
Local - Long	Umbuso weSwatini
Local - Short	eSwatini
Former Name	Swaziland
Etymology- history of name	the country name derives from 19th century King MSWATI II, under whose rule Swati territory was expanded and unified
Government Type	absolute monarchy
Capital Name	Mbabane (administrative capital); Lobamba (royal and legislative capital)
Capital - geographic coordinate	26 19 S, 31 08 E
Capital Time Difference	UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Independence	6 September 1968 (from the UK)
National Holiday	Independence Day (Somhlolo Day), 6 September (1968)
Constitution	history: previous 1968, 1978; latest signed by the king 26 July 2005, effective 8 February 2006 amendments: proposed at a joint sitting of both houses of Parliament; passage requires majority vote by both houses and/or majority vote in a referendum, and assent of the king; passage of amendments affecting "specially entrenched" constitutional provisions requires at least three-fourths majority vote by both houses, passage by simple majority vote in a referendum, and assent of the king; passage of "entrenched" provisions requires at least two-thirds majority vote of both houses, passage in a referendum, and assent of the king

Eswatini Capital City Map

Source: Google Maps

Eswatini Government and Politics

Who is the president of Eswatini?

Executive Branch:	chief of state: King MSWATI III (since 25 April 1986) head of government: Prime Minister Russell Mmiso DLAMINI (since 3 November 2023) cabinet: Cabinet recommended by the prime minister, confirmed by the monarch; at least one-half of the cabinet membership must be appointed from among elected members of the House of Assembly elections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch from among members of the House of Assembly
Citizenship Criteria:	citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Eswatini dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal System:	mixed legal system of civil, common, and customary law
Suffrage:	18 years of age
Legislative Branch:	description: bicameral Parliament (Libandla) consists of: Senate (30 seats; 20 members appointed by the monarch and 10 indirectly elected by simple majority vote by the House of Assembly; members serve 5-year terms) House of Assembly (70 seats statutory, current 69; 59 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies or tinkhundla by absolute majority vote in 2 rounds if needed, 10 members appointed by the monarch, 4 women, one each representing each region, elected by the members if representation of elected women is less than 30%, and 1 ex-officio member - the attorney general; members serve 5-year terms) elections: Senate - last election held on 12 October 2023 , senate fully constituted on November 5 when monarch appointed remaining 20 senators; (next to be held in 2028) House of Assembly - last held on 29 September 2023 (next to be held in 2028) election results: Senate - percent of seats by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 17, women 13, percent of women 43% House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independent 59; composition - men 58, women 12, percent of women 17.14%; note - total Parliament percent of women 4.1%
Judicial Branch:	highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and at least 4 justices) and the High Court (consists of the chief justice - ex officio - and 4 justices); note - the Supreme Court has jurisdiction in all constitutional matters judge selection and term of office: justices of the Supreme Court and High Court appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Judicial Service Commission (JSC), a judicial advisory body consisting of the Supreme Court Chief Justice, 4 members appointed by the monarch, and the chairman of the Civil Service Commission; justices of both courts eligible for retirement at age 65 with mandatory retirement at age 75 subordinate courts: magistrates' courts; National Swazi Courts for administering customary/traditional laws (jurisdiction restricted to customary law for Swazi citizens)
Regions or States:	4 regions; Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni
Political Parties and Leaders:	political parties exist but conditions for their operations, particularly in elections, are undefined, legally unclear, or culturally restricted; the following are considered political associations: African United Democratic Party or AUDP [Stanley S. MALINDZISA] Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or NNLC [Sibongile MAZIBUKO] People's United Democratic Movement or PUDEMO [Mlungisi MAKHANYA] Swazi Democratic Party or SWADEPA [Jan SITHOLE]
International Law Organization Participation:	accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; non-party state to the ICCt
International Organization Participation:	ACP, AfDB, AU, C, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic Representation in the US:	chief of mission: Ambassador Kennedy Fitzgerald GROENING (7 June 2022) chancery: 1712 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 234-5002 FAX: [1] (202) 234-8254 email address and website: embassy@eswatini-usa.com; swaziland@compuserve.com
Diplomatic Representation from US:	chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant) Charges d'Affaires Caitlin PIPER (since 27 October 2023) embassy: Corner of MR 103 and Cultural Center Drive, Ezulwini, P.O. Box D202, The Gables, H106 mailing address: 2350 Mbabane Place, Washington DC 20521-2350 telephone: (268) 2417-9000 FAX: [268] 2416-3344 email address and website: MBACONSULAR@state.gov https://sz.usembassy.gov/

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