Montenegro Geography

What is the terrain and geography like in Montenegro?

Overview

The use of the name Montenegro began in the 15th century when the Crnojevic dynasty began to rule the Serbian principality of Zeta; over subsequent centuries it was able to maintain its independence from the Ottoman Empire. From the 16th to 19th centuries, Montenegro became a theocratic state ruled by a series of bishop princes; in 1852, it was transformed into a secular principality. After World War I, Montenegro was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and, at the conclusion of World War II, it became a constituent republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. When the latter dissolved in 1992, Montenegro federated with Serbia, first as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and, after 2003, in a looser union of Serbia and Montenegro. Following a three-year postponement, Montenegro held an independence referendum in the spring of 2006 under rules set by the EU. The vote for severing ties with Serbia exceeded the 55% threshold, allowing Montenegro to formally declare its independence on 3 June 2006.

Geography - note

strategic location along the Adriatic coast

Climate

Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland

Montenegro Use of Natural Resources

Montenegro Environment

Climate:

Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland

Terrain:

highly indented coastline with narrow coastal plain backed by rugged high limestone mountains and plateaus

Natural Resources:

bauxite, hydroelectricity

Natural Hazards:

destructive earthquakes

Irrigated Land:

9 Square Miles
24 Square Kilometers

Environmental Issues:

pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets, especially in tourist-related areas such as Kotor

Environment - International Agreements:

party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Montenegro Geography

Geographic Location	Europe
Total Area	5,333 Square Miles 13,812 Square Kilometers
Land Area	5,194 Square Miles 13,452 Square Kilometers
Water Area	139 Square Miles 360 Square Kilometers
Land Boundaries	388 Miles 625 Kilometers
Irrigated Land	9 Square Miles 24 Square Kilometers
Border Countries	Albania 172 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina 225 km, Croatia 25 km, Serbia 203 km
Coastline	182 Miles 294 Kilometers
Geographic Coordinates	42 30 N, 19 18 E
Terrain	highly indented coastline with narrow coastal plain backed by rugged high limestone mountains and plateaus
Highest Point	2,522 Meters
Highest Point Location	Bobotov Kuk
Lowest Point Location	Adriatic Sea
Natural Resources	bauxite, hydroelectricity
Time Zone	UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Daylight saving time	+1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

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