Mongolia Demographics

What is the population of Mongolia?

Population	3,168,026
Population Growth Rate	1.44%
Urban Population	68.5%
Population in Major Urban Areas	ULAANBAATAR (capital) 1.184 million
Nationality Noun	Mongolian(s)
Nationality Adjective	Mongolian
Ethnic Groups	Mongol (predominantly Khalkha) 85%, Turkic (of which Kazakh is the largest group) 7%, Tungusic 4.6%, other (including Chinese and Russian) 3.4%
Languages Spoken	Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian

Mongolia Health Information

What are the health conditions in Mongolia?

Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - female 15-49	55%
Death Rate - deaths/1,000 population	5.98
Drinking Water Source - percent of rural population improved	61.2%
Drinking Water Source - percent of total population unimproved	15.4%
Drinking Water Source - percent of urban population improved	94.8%
Health Expenditures - percent of GDP	5.3%
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate	0.07%
HIV/Aids Deaths	90
Hospital Bed Density - beds/1,000 population	6.8
Infant Mortality Rate - female deaths/1,000 live births	31.76
Infant Mortality Rate - male deaths/1,000 live births	37.66
Infant Mortality Rate - total deaths/1,000 live births	34.78
Maternal Mortality Rate - deaths/100,000 live births	63
Obesity - adult prevalence rate	14.4%
People Living with HIV/AIDS	450
Physicians Density - physicians/1,000 population	2.76
Sanitation Facility Access - percent of total population unimproved	43.8%
Sanitation Facility Access - percent of urban population improved	65.3%
Sanitation Facility Access - percent of rural population improved	35.4%
Total Fertility Rate - children born/woman	2.18
Underweight - percent of children under five years	5.3%

Mongolia Life Expectancy

How long do people live in Mongolia?

Life Expectancy at Birth	68 Years
Life Expectancy at Birth - female	71 Years
Life Expectancy at Birth - male	66 Years
Median Age	26 Years
Median Age - female	27 Years
Median Age - male	26 Years

Mongolia Infant Mortality - per 1,000 live births

Mongolia median age, birth rate and death rates

Birth Rate - births/1,000 population	20
Death Rate - deaths/1,000 population	5.98
Median Age	26 Years
Median Age - female	27 Years
Median Age - male	26 Years
Population Growth Rate	1.44%
Sex Ratio 0-14 Years - male/female	1.04
Sex Ratio 15-24 Years - male/female	1.02
Sex Ratio 25-54 Years - male/female	.94
Sex Ratio 55-64 Years - male/female	.96
Sex Ratio at Birth - male/female	1.05
Sex Ratio of Total Population - male/female	1
Sex Ratio Over 64 Years - male/female	.77

Mongolia Medical Information

What are the health conditions in Mongolia?

Medical Facilities and Health Information

Medical facilities in Mongolia are very limited and do not meet most Western standards, especially for emergency health care. Many brand-name Western medicines are unavailable. The majority of medical facilities are located in Ulaanbaatar and are extremely limited or non-existent outside of Ulaanbaatar. Specialized emergency care for infants and the elderly is not available. Doctors and hospitals usually expect immediate payment in cash for health services.

Sanitation in some restaurants, particularly outside of Ulaanbaatar, is inadequate. Stomach illnesses are frequent. You should drink bottled water and use other routine safety measures to protect your health. Severe air pollution is a serious problem during the winter months, and travelers with breathing or other health problems should plan accordingly. Infectious diseases, such as plague and meningococcal meningitis, are present at various times of the year. Tuberculosis is an increasingly serious health concern in Mongolia. For further information, please consult the CDC's information on TB . Local hospitals generally do not contact the Embassy about ill or injured U.S. citizens in their care. If you need assistance from the Embassy, you should ask the doctor or hospital to contact the U.S. Embassy in Ulaanbaatar. See our website for a list of medical facilities in Ulaanbaatar.

Mongolia Education

What is school like in Mongolia?

Education Expenditures - percent of GDP	5.5%
Literacy - female	97.5%
Literacy - male	98%
Literacy - total population	97.8%
Literacy Definition	age 15 and over can read and write
School Life Expectancy - female	16 Years
School Life Expectancy - male	14 Years
Total School Life Expectancy - (primary to tertiary)	15 Years

Mongolia Literacy

Can people in Mongolia read?

Literacy - female	97.5%
Literacy - male	98%
Literacy - total population	97.8%
Literacy Definition	age 15 and over can read and write
Predominant Language	Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian

Mongolia Crime

Is Mongolia a safe place to visit?

Crime Information

Street crime is common in Mongolia, particularly in Ulaanbaatar, the capital. Most of the street crime is non-violent, but violent incidents do occur regularly. The most common crimes against foreigners are pickpocketing and bag snatching. There are reports of organized groups operating in open areas, usually after dark, surrounding, grabbing, and choking an individual in order to search his or her pockets. Thieves have also cut victims’ bag straps and clothing in attempts to reach wallets, cell phones, and other valuables. If you detect pickpocket attempts, you should not confront the thieves, since they may become violent. It is best not to walk alone through Ulaanbaatar after dark.

Inter-racial couples are targeted for assault. The perpetrators usually target foreign men with local women. These assaults range from organized attacks by nationalist groups to spontaneous incidents in bars.

Since the spring of 2010, the U.S. Embassy has received an increased number of reports of apparently xenophobic attacks against foreign nationals.These attacks occurred without provocation, and robbery was not the motive. Attackers targeted the victim(s) based solely on their ethnicity or perceived foreign nationality. Some of these attacks were directed against U.S. citizens.

Additionally, nationalist groups frequently mistake Asian-Americans for ethnic Chinese or Koreans and may attack without warning or provocation. Asian-Americans should exercise caution at all times when walking the streets of Ulaanbaatar.

In general, you should be extremely cautious at these locations:

Chinggis Khan International Airport in Ulaanbaatar: Organized groups frequently target tourists for robbery and pickpocketing at this airport.

The State Department Store and the area around the Circus: Organized pickpocket gangs target tourists at the entries/exits/elevators of the store and in surrounding areas, along Peace Avenue, and down to the Circus.

Naran Tuul Covered Market: Organized criminal groups target foreigners for robbery and pickpocketing.

You should also be careful in crowded public areas, such as open-air markets, the Central Post Office, and the Gandan Monastery.

In addition, you should be alert for potential criminal activity when you use public transportation or taxis. There have been several reports of foreigners being robbed and/or assaulted while riding in taxis. You may wish to ask your hotel, a restaurant, or store to make taxi arrangements for you. Also, you may wish to request that a native speaker write your destination address in Mongolian, since most cab drivers do not speak English. Private unmarked cars often act as taxis in Mongolia; their availability is high, but their consistency of performance, fare, and safety is low. You should not use unmarked taxis. If you find a cab driver whom you like (English speaker, trustworthy, clean car, etc.), request his mobile phone number for future use.

Crime rises sharply before, during, and after the Naadam Summer Festival in July, throughout the summer tourist season, and during and after Tsagaan Sar, the Winter Festival, in January or February.

Do not buy counterfeit and pirated goods, even if they are widely available. Not only are the bootlegged items illegal in the United States, but you may also be breaking local law.

Mongolia Penalties for Crime

Criminal Penalties

While you are traveling in Mongolia, you are subject to its laws even if you are a U.S. citizen. Foreign laws and legal systems can be vastly different from our own. Criminal penalties will vary from country to country. There are also some things that might be legal in the country you visit, but still illegal in the United States, and you can be prosecuted under U.S. law if you buy pirated goods. Engaging in sexual conduct with children or using or disseminating child pornography in a foreign country is a crime prosecutable in the United States. If you break local laws in Mongolia, your U.S. passport won’t help you avoid arrest or prosecution. It’s very important to know what’s legal and what’s not where you are going.

If you are arrested in Mongolia, Mongolian authorities are required to notify the U.S. Embassy of your arrest. If you are concerned the Department of State may not be aware of your situation, you should ask the police or prison officials to notify the U.S. embassy of your arrest. You may need to make repeated requests to authorities to speak to a consular officer. Authorities may be unaware of your rights to consular access.

Mongolia Population Comparison

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